33 Weeks Pregnant Baby Not Kicking as Much
Having a baby: Stages of pregnancy by trimester
For a pregnant person, feeling a new life developing inside your body is an amazing experience, even though you may non e'er feel your best during all the stages of pregnancy. One of the biggest changes for nearly pregnant people is weight proceeds — a meaning person carrying one baby should gain betwixt 11 and 40 lbs. (five to eighteen kilograms) by the end of the pregnancy, depending on pre-pregnancy weight, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Simply in that location are many other changes likewise, and exactly how pregnancy affects the body can exist very different from person to person, and fifty-fifty for the same mother from one pregnancy to the side by side. Some symptoms of pregnancy last for several weeks or months, while other discomforts are temporary or don't touch everyone the same way.
"Pregnancy is a long, ten-month journey," said Dr. Draion Burch, an obstetrician and gynecologist at Magee Womens Hospital at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre.
A normal pregnancy usually lasts about forty weeks, counting from the get-go day of the concluding menstrual menses, which is around 2 weeks earlier conception actually occurs. Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters, each lasting between 12 and xiii weeks. During each trimester, changes take identify in a pregnant person'south trunk every bit well as in the developing fetus.
Some medical experts suggest that mothers and doctors should besides recognize a "fourth trimester," which is the 12-calendar week catamenia after birth in which babies are adjusting to life outside the womb and women are coping with motherhood and on-going changes in their bodies, according to a paper published in July 2017 in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Conception & implantation
About two weeks after a menstruation, ovulation occurs, during which the ovaries release typically one egg, but sometimes two or more eggs. The egg or eggs can exist fertilized past a sperm cell 12 to 24 hours subsequently release, as the egg travels down the fallopian tube toward the uterus.
The sex of the fetus is adamant at the time of fertilization, or conception, and depends on whether the egg receives an Ten or Y chromosome from a sperm prison cell. If the egg receives an X chromosome, the baby will be a daughter; a Y chromosome means the baby will be a boy.
Co-ordinate to the Cleveland Dispensary, it takes about three to iv days for the fertilized egg (or embryo) to movement to the lining of the uterus, where information technology attaches or implants to the uterine wall. Once the embryo is implanted, the cells outset to grow, eventually becoming the fetus and the placenta, which is tissue that attaches to the lining of the uterus. The placenta transports oxygen, nutrients and hormones from the mother's claret to the developing fetus via the umbilical cord throughout pregnancy.
First trimester, weeks 1-12
First trimester changes in the mother:
Pregnant people volition feel a lot of symptoms during the first trimester equally the body adjusts to the hormonal changes of pregnancy. In the early weeks, the pregnancy may non be showing much on the exterior of her body, merely inside many changes are taking identify.
Related: Am I meaning? 12 early on signs of pregnancy
One of the beginning changes is the production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone, which shows upward in the blood correct afterward conception occurs. Levels of hCG can exist detected in a pregnant person's urine near a calendar week later a missed menses. Human chorionic gonadotropin is what's detected in a positive home pregnancy test.
Ascent levels of hCG and other hormones, such every bit estrogen, may exist responsible for the waves of nausea and vomiting known as morning sickness that's most common during the first few months of pregnancy. Despite its name, forenoon sickness tin can occur whatsoever time of 24-hour interval.
A pregnant person may as well feel more than tired than usual during the kickoff trimester, a symptom that's linked with rising levels of the hormone progesterone, which increases sleepiness.
Early in pregnancy, breasts may feel more tender and bloated, another side effect of rising levels of pregnancy hormones. The areolas, the skin effectually each nipple, will darken and enlarge.
A pregnant person'south digestive system may slow down to increase the assimilation of beneficial nutrients. But reduced mobility of the digestive system might likewise trigger such common complaints as heartburn, constipation, bloating and gas, according to the Function on Women'southward Health (OWH).
Many parts of the body will work harder during pregnancy, including the heart. Heart rate will increment to pump more than blood to the uterus, which will supply information technology to the fetus.
Too the physical changes, expecting mothers may also feel emotional highs and lows in the early months of her pregnancy and throughout it. These emotions may range from weepiness, mood swings and forgetfulness, to fearfulness, anxiety and excitement.
Related: Mood swings & mommy brain: The emotional challenges of pregnancy
First trimester embryo development:
A developing babe is called an embryo from the moment formulation takes place until the 8th week of pregnancy.
During the first month of pregnancy the center and lungs begin to develop, and the arms, legs, brain, spinal string and nerves brainstorm to form, co-ordinate to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG).
The embryo will be nigh the size of a pea around one month into a pregnancy, Burch said. Around the second calendar month of pregnancy, the embryo has grown to the size of a kidney bean. In add-on, the ankles, wrists, fingers and eyelids form, bones appear, and the genitals and inner ear begin to develop.
After the eighth week of pregnancy and until nativity occurs, a developing baby is called a fetus.
By the end of the second month, most of the fetus' chief organs will have formed, Burch said. At this stage of pregnancy, he stressed, it's extremely important that pregnant women do not take harmful medications, such as illegal drugs. The first trimester is also the period when well-nigh miscarriages and birth defects occur. Betwixt 10% and xx% of known pregnancies cease in miscarriages, mostly because the fetus is not developing normally, according to the Mayo Clinic. Studies accept found the risk of miscarriage drops significantly after the 12th calendar week of pregnancy.
Equally early as the 10th week of pregnancy, a pregnant person may opt to have a noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT). This testing uses a blood sample from the female parent to analyze Dna from the fetus to help determine the risk of the infant being born with sure genetic abnormalities, according to MedlinePlus. The mother can also find out the sexual practice of the infant at this time, besides through providing a blood sample that analyzes fetal Dna. None of these tests come in contact with or cause any harm to the fetus.
During the third month of pregnancy, the fetus' bones and muscles begin to grow, buds for future teeth appear, and fingers and toes grow. The intestines begin to class and the skin is almost transparent.
Second trimester, weeks 13-27
2d trimester changes in the mother:
By the 2d trimester, some of the unpleasant furnishings of early pregnancy may lessen or disappear as the body adjusts to its changing hormone levels. Sleeping may get easier and energy levels may increase.
Nausea and vomiting usually get better and go away, Burch told Live Science. But other symptoms may crop upwardly as the fetus continues its growth and development.
Pregnant people will outset to feel more pelvic pressure level, Burch said, calculation that the pelvis feels heavy like something is weighing it downwardly.
A more visible baby bump appears as the uterus grows across the pelvis, and the pare over the expanding belly may itch equally it stretches, according to the OWH.
Equally the fetus is getting bigger and the mother is gaining more pregnancy weight in the front of her trunk, she may also experience more back pain, Burch said. A 2020 study published in the Journal of Personalized Medicine constitute that while most meaning people experienced back pain, it was worse in those who were non physically active.
Old between the 16th and 18th weeks of pregnancy, a starting time-time mother may experience the starting time fluttering movements of the fetus, known as quickening, Burch said. It it isn't the commencement pregnancy, the mother is probable to feel the fetus kicking, squirming or turning even sooner considering she knows what to expect, he said.
The 20th week commonly marks the halfway point of pregnancy. From about 20 weeks, it is possible to develop preeclampsia, a condition characterized by loftier-claret pressure, according to the Mayo Clinic. If left untreated, the condition tin lead to serious, even fatal, complications for female parent and baby. Other symptoms include rapid weight proceeds and swelling.
Burch encourages his patients to take a "baby-moon" — a mini-vacation or weekend getaway — during the second trimester, and he said the best time to become away is around the 28th week of pregnancy. Expecting mothers are generally feeling pretty expert at this point, and there'south a lower risk of miscarriage and premature labor. A report published in 2020 in the journal PLOS 1, found that for hundreds of thousands of babies, their mother's airplane travel had no agin effects on the baby'southward birth weight or gestational age. Withal, some health professionals and airlines may discourage airplane travel after the 36th week because at that time birth could be just around the corner.
Second trimester fetal evolution:
In the second trimester, the fetus will be between three and 5 inches (7 and 12 centimeters) long, Burch said. Sometime between 18 and 22 weeks, an ultrasound may reveal the sexual activity of the baby, if parents want to know this data in advance.
Related: Am I having a boy or girl? Ultrasound and sex activity prediction
By the fourth month of pregnancy the fetus' eyebrows, eyelashes, fingernails and the cervix form, and the skin has a wrinkled appearance. In improver, during the fourth calendar month the arms and legs can bend, the kidneys offset working and can produce urine, and the fetus can swallow and hear, according to the ACOG.
In the fifth month of pregnancy, the fetus is more active and the mother may be able to feel its movements. The fetus also sleeps and wakes on regular cycles. A fine hair (called lanugo) and a waxy blanket (called vernix) cover and protect the thin fetal skin.
By the sixth month of pregnancy, hair begins to grow, the eyes begin to open and the brain is rapidly developing. Although the lungs are completely formed, they don't even so function.
Third trimester, weeks 28-40
Third trimester changes in the female parent:
During the third trimester, as the mother'south enlarged uterus pushes confronting her diaphragm, a major muscle involved in breathing. Because of this, she may experience curt of jiff considering the lungs have less room to expand, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. A pregnant person's ankles, hands, feet and face up may swell due to fluid retentivity and slower blood circulation.
A female parenthoped-for volition need to urinate more frequently considering of the force per unit area on her bladder. She may as well have more than backaches and more pain in the hips and pelvis, as these joints expand in training for delivery. Changes in body shape tin can also make a meaning person more unstable on their feet and more likely to autumn, according to a 2006 written report published in the American Periodical of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Her face may develop night patches of peel, and stretch marks may appear on her belly, thighs, breasts and behind. She may as well detect varicose veins on her legs.
In the third trimester, the breasts may starting time to leak colostrum, a yellow liquid, equally they get ready for breastfeeding, according to the OWH. The babe volition start to drop lower in the mother'due south belly.
False labor, known every bit Braxton-Hicks contractions, may brainstorm to occur as the due date gets closer. A "nesting instinct," behavior exhibited in many mammals, may boot in as expecting parents piece of work on baby-proofing their domicile, shop for baby items, set up the plant nursery and look their new arrival.
Related: Signs of labor: 6 clues baby is coming soon
During the final weeks of pregnancy, it volition get harder to find a comfortable sleeping position, adding to the increased levels of fatigue, Burch said.
Third trimester fetal development:
By the seventh month of pregnancy, the fetus kicks and stretches, and tin can fifty-fifty respond to light and audio, Burch said. Its eyes tin can besides open up and close.
During the eighth and 9th months of pregnancy, the fetus gains weight very speedily. Basic harden, but the skull remains soft and flexible and so the head can fit through the birth canal. Different regions of the encephalon are forming, and the fetus is able to hiccup, according to ACOG.
The ninth month is the home stretch of pregnancy, and the fetus is getting ready for nativity past turning into a head-down position in the female parent's pelvis. The lungs are now fully mature and set up to function on their own.
The definition of a full-term pregnancy is when a baby is built-in afterwards 39 to forty weeks (information technology used to exist 37 weeks), Burch said. This is because babies born at full-term had lower risks of bug with breathing, feeding and regulating their temperature than those born earlier, according to the National Institutes of Wellness.
Fourth trimester, post-nascence
The period called the "fourth trimester" begins as shortly equally nascency is over. While this tin can be a joyful and heady fourth dimension for most new parents, it can likewise exist extremely challenging and stressful.
In the weeks and months after the baby is born, the mother'due south body continues to become through major changes as it heals and recovers from pregnancy and birth. At the same time, the mother must grapple with the physical and emotional challenges of feeding and caring for a newborn, Dr. Ilona T. Goldfarb, a maternal health specialist, wrote for the Harvard Health Web log. "Women and their families experience substantial physiological, social and emotional changes," during this time, Goldfarb wrote.
Despite the continuing changes and challenges that occur later on childbirth, about mothers visit their obstetrician only one time in the weeks later on birth. Many wellness experts agree that this lack of attention to maternal wellness in the 4th trimester is concerning, especially because that more one-half of pregnancy-related deaths occur after the birth of the child, according to a 2018 report from the ACOG.
Fortunately, several of these experts are putting pressure on the healthcare community to provide more than comprehensive postpartum care. Goldfarb recommends pregnant people come up with a postpartum plan to assistance anticipate difficulties and how to deal with them as they pop upwardly. She besides recommends mothers speak with their obstetrician to learn more nearly the kind of postpartum resource they have.
Additional resources
- Mayo Clinic: Pregnancy Week past Week
- Office on Women's Wellness: Stages of Pregnancy
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Postpartum Low FAQs
This commodity is for advisory purposes just, and is not meant to offer medical advice. This article was updated on June 14, 2021 by Alive Science contributor Sarah Wild.
Source: https://www.livescience.com/44899-stages-of-pregnancy.html
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